refinement als zelfstandig naamwoord: - 1
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refinement
zelfstandig naamwoord
1 refinement
A highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality:
— I admired the exquisite refinement of his prose.
synoniemen: cultivation, culture, finish, polish.
Roget 658:
improvement;
amelioration,
melioration;
betterment;
mend,
amendment,
emendation;
mending
etc.
v.;
advancement;
advance
etc.
(progress)
282;
ascent
etc.
305;
promotion,
preferment;
elevation
etc.
307;
increase
etc.
35;
cultivation,
civilization;
culture,
march of intellect;
menticulture†;
race-culture,
eugenics.
reform,
reformation;
revision,
radical reform;
second thoughts,
correction,
limoe labor [Lat.],
refinement,
elaboration;
purification
etc.
652;
oxidation;
repair
etc.
(restoration)
660;
recovery
etc.
660.
revise,
new edition.
reformer,
radical.
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Roget 845:
beauty,
the beautiful,
to kalon [Gr.],
le beau ideal.
[Science of the perception of beauty]
aesthetics,
callaesthetics†.
[-beauty of people]
pulchritude,
form,
elegance,
grace,
beauty unadorned,
natural beauty;
symmetry
etc.
242;
comeliness,
fairness
etc.
adj.;
polish,
gloss;
good effect,
good looks;
belle tournure†;
trigness†;
bloom,
brilliancy,
radiance,
splendor,
gorgeousness,
magnificence;
sublimity,
sublimification†.
concinnity†,
delicacy,
refinement;
charm,
je ne sais quoi [Fr.],
style.
Venus,
Aphrodite†,
Hebe,
the Graces,
Peri,
Houri,
Cupid,
Apollo†,
Hyperion,
Adonis†,
Antionous†,
Narcissus.
peacock,
butterfly;
garden;
flower of,
pink of;
bijou;
jewel
etc.
(ornament)
847;
work of art.
flower,
flow'ret gay†;
[flowers: list]
wildflower;
rose,
lily,
anemone,
asphodel,
buttercup,
crane's bill,
daffodil,
tulip,
tiger lily,
day lily,
begonia,
marigold,
geranium,
lily of the valley,
ranunculus,
rhododendron,
windflower.
pleasurableness
etc.
829.
beautifying;
landscaping,
landscape gardening;
decoration
etc.
847;
calisthenics†.
[person who is beautiful]
beauty;
hunk
(of men).
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Roget 850:
taste;
good taste,
refined taste,
cultivated taste;
delicacy,
refinement,
fine feeling,
gust,
gusto,
tact,
finesse;
nicety
etc.
(discrimination)
465;
to prepon [Gr.];
polish,
elegance,
grace.
judgment,
discernment
etc.
465.
dilettantism,
dilettanteism;
virtu;
fine art;
culture,
cultivation.
[Science of taste]
aesthetics.
man of taste
&c.;
connoisseur,
judge,
critic,
conoscente,
virtuoso,
amateur,
dilettante,
Aristarchus†,
Corinthian,
arbiter elegantiarum [Lat.],
stagirite†,
euphemist.
caviare to the general"
[Hamlet].
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Pools: kultura
2 refinement
The result of improving something:
— He described a refinement of this technique.
synoniem: elaboration.
Nederlands: zuivering, verfijning
3 refinement
The process of removing impurities (as from oil or metals or sugar etc.).
synoniemen: purification, refining.
Nederlands: raffineren
Pools: rafinacja
4 refinement
A subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude.
synoniemen: nicety, nuance, shade, subtlety.
Roget 498:
intelligence,
capacity,
comprehension,
understanding;
cuteness,
sabe [U.S.],
savvy [U.S.];
intellect
etc.
450;
nous [Fr.],
parts,
sagacity,
mother wit,
wit,
esprit,
gumption,
quick parts,
grasp of intellect;
acuteness
etc.
adj.;
acumen,
subtlety,
penetration,
perspicacy†,
perspicacity;
discernment,
due sense of,
good judgment;
discrimination
etc.
465;
cunning
etc.
702;
refinement
etc.
(taste)
850.
head,
brains,
headpiece,
upper story,
long head;
eagle eye,
eagle-glance;
eye of a lynx,
eye of a hawk.
wisdom,
sapience,
sense;
good sense,
common sense,
horse sense [U.S.],
plain sense;
rationality,
reason;
reasonableness
etc.
adj.;
judgment;
solidity,
depth,
profundity,
caliber;
enlarged views;
reach of thought,
compass of thought;
enlargement of mind.
genius,
inspiration,
geist [G.],
fire of genius,
heaven-born genius,
soul;
talent
etc.
(aptitude)
698.
[Wisdom in action]
prudence
etc.
864;
vigilance
etc.
459;
tact
etc.
698;
foresight
etc.
510;
sobriety,
self-possession,
aplomb,
ballast.
a bright thought,
not a bad idea.
Solomon-like wisdom.
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Roget 465:
discrimination,
distinction,
differentiation,
diagnosis,
diorism†;
nice perception;
perception of difference,
appreciation of difference;
estimation
etc.
466;
nicety,
refinement;
taste
etc.
850;
critique,
judgment;
tact;
discernment
etc.
(intelligence)
498;
acuteness,
penetration;
nuances.
dope [Slang],
past performances.
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Nederlands: subtiliteit, schaduw
Pools: subtelność, delikatność
5 refinement
The quality of excellence in thought and manners and taste:
— A man of intellectual refinement.
synoniemen: civilisation, civilization.
Pools: finezja, subtelność, wyrafinowanie
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